ABSTRACT
Background: Aflatoxins are one of the highly toxic secondary metabolites, which are mainly produced by Aspergillus parasiticus. This species frequently cause of food and agricultural products contamination including cereals, peanuts, and crops in the field. During recent years, researchers have considered research on elimination of aflatoxin and antifungal effects of medicinal herbals, such as Alpinia galanga L and Dorema aucheri. In this study, the effect of A.galanga L and D.aucheri a natural compound was examined on Aspergillus parasiticus growth, aflatoxins production and the aflR gene expression
Materials and Methods: Antifungal susceptibility A.galanga L and D.aucheri was performed according to CLSI document M38-A2. Quantitative changes in aflR gene level of expression were analyzed by Real-time PCR method
Results: Our result obtained that the MIC of extracts on A. parasiticus growth 250 mg/mL for D.aucheri and 800 mg/mL for A.galanga L. D.aucheri has antitoxic properties as well as its effective ability to decrease aflatoxin production. The level of aflR gene expression was decreased significantly after the exposure of fungal cell to D.aucheri extract, but A.galanga L didn't have significant effect
Conclusion: This research indicated that D.aucheri has antifungal effects more than A.galanga L. Due to our obtained result we can suggest that D.aucheri herbal extract may have antifungal potential in medicine or agriculture
ABSTRACT
Background: Candida parapsilosis is one of the five common strains of yeasts involved in invasive candidiasis. The expression analysis of sterol biosynthesis pathway genes, which are associated with resistance, can assist the better understanding of antifungal resistance mechanisms
Methods: The antifungal susceptibility of 120 clinical C. parapsilosis isolates was examined. The changes in the gene expression related to resistance were analyzed
Results: Eight strains were resistant to fluconazole [FLC], itraconazole [ITC], and amphotericin B [AMB]. The regulation variations included increased mRNA levels of ERG3, ERG6, and ERG11 and decreased mRNA levels of ERG3 and ERG6 in response to FLC. ERG11 mRNA level increases in response to ITC and AMB
Conclusion: The mechanism of resistance to azoles in C. parapsilosis is very similar to C. Albicans. This feature may help to design new treatment strategy for candidiasis
Subject(s)
Ergosterol/biosynthesis , Gene Expression , Drug Resistance, Fungal , Candida parapsilosis/drug effects , Antifungal Agents , AzolesABSTRACT
The incidence of invasive fungal infections has been increasing for two decades. A matter of concern in the treatment of fungal infections is the limited number of efficacious antifungal drugs. Many available drugs lead to the development of resistance, In order to seek new antifungal agents we assessed the antifungal activity of newly synthesized Imidazol compounds by a colorometric method. In this experimental study antifungal activity of the new Imidazol compounds against Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cervisiae, Aspergillus niger, Microsporum gypseom was investigated by colorometric method and results were compared to microdilution ones. 2-hydroxyphenacyl-azole and 2- hydroxyphenacyl-azolium compounds have been identified as a new class of azole antifungal agents with a good spectrum of activity. The colorimetric method is a simple microtiter method for determining the susceptibility of species of fungal against antifungal agents. Most derivatives showed significant in vitro antifungal activities against tested fungi with low MIC [minimum inhibitory concentration] values included in the range of 0.25-32 micro g/mL comparable to the reference drug Fluconazole